Ethical, authentic, servant leadership: really different?
Every decade brings a new leadership style. A meta-analysis checked whether they measure anything new.
The research
Julia Hoch, William Bommer, James Dulebohn and Dongyuan Wu (2018, Journal of Management) find authentic and ethical leadership largely redundant with transformational leadership, whereas servant leadership adds distinct variance.
The limit
Conclusions depend on questionnaires whose items sometimes overlap. (our executive and employee training programmes)
Practical check in Zurich
List five expected manager behaviours and have teams rate them twice a year. To go further: explore the Executive Leadership training in Zurich, or browse our executive and employee training programmes in Switzerland.
In pictures: Executive Leadership in Zurich
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